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Selling InternationallyElectronic Commerce: Selling Internationally, a Guide for
Business
Thinking about doing business online, or
expanding your outreach on the web? Consumers around the world are increasingly
turning to their computers to buy a wide array of goods and services.
March 2000
And because the World Wide Web
is, as its name implies, worldwide, businesses that sell online can
potentially reach billions of customers in every country of the world.
Even small "mom-`n-pop" companies with websites are attracting a client
base never before possible. Many are discovering just how international
the Internet really is, processing orders not only from the next town or
state, but from the next continent, too.
That presents new challenges to sellers who have never shipped
overseas and may have little experience with the taxes, duties and
customs laws involved.
It also raises questions about consumer protections. When buying from
an overseas vendor, what, if any, protections do consumers have if they
run into problems? How safe is it to transmit credit information
overseas via the Internet? How long will it take for an order to be
delivered? Are unexpected taxes or duties routinely added to the price?
New international guidelines are helping to answer those and other
questions. The United States and 28 other countries, working together as
members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,
have signed on to new guidelines.
The Guidelines:
 |
set out principles for voluntary "codes of conduct"
for businesses involved in electronic commerce;
|
 |
offer guidance to governments in evaluating their
consumer protection laws regarding electronic commerce; and,
|
 |
give consumers advice about what to expect and what
to look for when shopping online.
|
The goal is to build consumer confidence in the global
electronic marketplace by working to ensure that consumers are just as
safe when shopping online as when shopping offline-no matter where they
live or where the company they do business with is based.
E-Businesses that Adhere to the Guidelines:
 |
Use fair business, advertising and marketing
practices. They provide truthful, accurate and
complete information to consumers, and avoid deceptive, misleading
or unfair claims, omissions or practices. The businesses can back up
all claims, such as claims about how well a product works or how
quickly a product will arrive. They also make sure advertising and
marketing material is identifiable as such and, when appropriate,
identify its sponsor.
|
 |
Provide accurate, clear and easily
accessible information about the company and the goods or services
it offers. They disclose the information consumers
need to understand whom they're dealing with and what they're
buying. These businesses post the company's name, its physical
address, including the country, and an email address or telephone
number consumers can use if they have questions or problems. They
also provide a clear, complete description of the product or service
being offered. That helps take the guesswork out of online shopping
and could reduce the number of complaints filed by dissatisfied
consumers after the sale.
|
 |
Disclose full information about the terms,
conditions and costs of the transaction. They provide
consumers a full, itemized list of costs involved in the
transaction, designating the currency involved, as well as terms of
delivery or performance, and terms, conditions and methods of
payment. If applicable and appropriate to a transaction, these
businesses also include information about restrictions, limitations
or conditions of the purchase; instructions for proper use of the
product and any safety and health care warnings; warranties and
guarantees; cancellation or refund policies; and whether after-sale
service is available. If it's possible to carry out a transaction in
more than one language, they make available all important terms and
conditions in each language.
|
 |
Ensure that consumers know they are making a
commitment to buy before closing the deal. These
businesses take steps to protect consumers who are merely "surfing"
the 'Net from unknowingly entering into a sales contract. They give
the consumer a chance to change the order before committing to the
purchase or to cancel it altogether. They also allow consumers to
keep a record of the transaction.
|
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Provide an easy-to-use and secure method for
online payments. They adopt security measures
appropriate to the transactions to make sure that personal
information is less vulnerable to hackers.
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Protect consumer privacy during electronic
commerce transactions. They disclose their privacy
policies or information practice statements prominently on their
websites, and offer people choices about how their personal
information is used. They give consumers the opportunity to refuse
having their personal information shared with others or used for
promotional purposes.
|
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Address consumer complaints and
difficulties. They have policies and procedures to
address consumer problems quickly and fairly, and without excessive
cost or inconvenience to the consumer. They also take advantage of
alternative dispute resolution mechanisms.
|
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Adopt fair, effective and easy to understand
self-regulatory policies and procedures. They extend
to electronic commerce the same basic level of protections that
cover other forms of commerce. The agreement encourages businesses
to work with consumer representatives to develop policies and
procedures that give consumers the tools they need to make informed
decisions and to resolve complaints.
|
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Help educate consumers about electronic
commerce. They are helping create a consumer-friendly
electronic marketplace. These businesses work with governments and
consumer representatives to ensure that consumers understand their
rights and responsibilities when participating in online commerce.
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Governments' Role
The guidelines also call on participating governments to take steps
to boost consumer confidence in the electronic marketplace. They
encourage governments to evaluate their consumer protection laws to make
sure they extend to online shopping, and to ensure that consumers have
recourse if they are dissatisfied.
And they recommend that governments work together to combat
cross-border fraud and help establish a climate for electronic commerce
that balances the needs and interests of businesses and consumers.
Governments that signed on to the guidelines are:
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece |
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
The Netherlands
New Zealand |
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States |

A Checklist:
Is your business "consumer-friendly" for international
e-commerce?
Do you clearly disclose
on your website:
About You:
 | what kind of business you operate? |
 | your physical business address, including the country, and an email
address or a telephone number consumers can use to contact you easily? |
About the Sale:
 | what you are selling, with enough details that consumers can make an
informed buying decision? |
 | a list of total costs you'll collect from the customer, and the
currency used? |
 | the existence of other routine costs? |
 | any restrictions or limitations on the sale? |
 | any warranties or guarantees associated with the sale? |
 | an estimation of when the buyer should receive the order? |
 | details about the availability of convenient and safe payment
options? |
About Your
Consumer Protections:
 | your return policy, including an explanation of how a consumer can
return an item, get a refund or credit or make an exchange? |
 | where the consumer should call, write or email with complaints or
problems? |
 | the opportunity for consumers to keep a record of the transaction?
|
 | your policies on sending unsolicited email solicitations to
consumers, including an opportunity for consumers to decline these
offers? |
 | information about easy-to-use and affordable dispute resolution
programs you participate in? |
Do you use Fair Business, Advertising and Marketing Practices?
 | Do you provide truthful, accurate and clear information on your
website? |
 | Can you back up the claims you make about your goods and services?
|
 | Are your advertising and marketing materials identifiable to
consumers as such? |
 | Do you disclose who's sponsoring an ad if it's not otherwise clear
to consumers? |
 | Do you respect consumers' choices not to receive email
solicitations? |
 | Do you take special care when advertising to children? |
Do you use Fair
Information Practices that include:
 | notice to consumers about your information collection practices,
such as what personally identifiable information you collect, how you
use it, and whether and with whom you share it? |
 | choices about how personally identifiable information is used and
whether it is shared with others? |
 | procedures to ensure accuracy, including, for example, allowing
consumers reasonable access to their information? |
 | security measures appropriate to the transactions on your website? |
The above article was reprinted from an announcement on the Federal Trade Commission web site dated
March, 2000. Check the FTC web site for changes to the
article. |